Correct Answer: Option (3) Only a (The union and its territory)
Detailed Explanation:
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Part I of the Indian Constitution:
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Encompassing Articles 1 to 4, Part I is titled "The Union and its Territory".
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Summary of Articles 1 through 4:
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Article 1: Pronounces that *"India, that is Bharat, shall be a Union of States"*, and defines the territory of India comprising the territories of the States, Union Territories, and any acquired territories.
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Article 2: Empowers Parliament to admit into the Union, or establish, new States on such terms and conditions as it thinks fit (applicable to external territories, e.g., Sikkim).
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Article 3: Authorizes Parliament to form a new State, alter boundaries, or change the name of any existing State (internal reorganization).
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Article 4: Declares that laws made under Articles 2 and 3 are not deemed to be constitutional amendments under Article 368 and can be passed by simple majority.
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Constitutional Placement of Other Choices:
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Fundamental Rights (b): Part III (Articles 12–35).
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Directive Principles of State Policy (c): Part IV (Articles 36–51).
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Fundamental Duties (d): Part IVA (Article 51A).
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India is characterized as an "Indestructible Union of Destructible States".
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Formation or boundary alteration of a state under Article 3 requires only a Simple Majority in Parliament following the President's prior recommendation.
