योग्य उत्तर: पर्याय ३ (By whom are the visitors looked after ?)
व्याकरण विश्लेषण व नियम:
दिलेले वाक्य: *"Who looks after the visitors ?"* (साधा वर्तमानकाळ - Simple Present Tense, Wh- प्रश्न).
'Who' ने सुरू होणाऱ्या Phrasal Verb च्या वाक्याचे नियम:
1.
Active मधील कर्ता 'Who' हा Passive मध्ये 'By whom' बनतो.
2.
वाक्यातील काळ: 'looks after' = साधा वर्तमानकाळ (Simple Present Tense). Passive मध्ये `am / is / are + V3` येईल.
3.
Active चे कर्म: 'the visitors' (अनेकवचनी नाम). म्हणून सहाय्यकारी क्रियापद 'are' येईल.
4.
Phrasal Verb चा नियम: 'look after' (काळजी घेणे) मधील 'after' हे Preposition क्रियापदानंतर जोडलेलेच राहते (`looked after`).
5.
प्रश्नार्थक वाक्याचा पदक्रम:
`By whom + are + the visitors + looked after ?`
•
अचूक Passive वाक्य: "By whom are the visitors looked after ?" (पर्याय ३)
6.
इतर पर्यायांचे परीक्षण:
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पर्याय १: 'How are...' (प्रश्नार्थक शब्दच बदलला आहे).
•
पर्याय २: 'Whom are...' ('By' गाळले आहे).
•
पर्याय ४: 'By whom the visitors is...' (पदक्रम चुकला आहे आणि अनेकवचनी visitors साठी एकवचनी 'is' वापरले आहे).
दोन अत्यंत महत्त्वाचे नियम:
1.
'Who' चे 'By whom' होते आणि त्यानंतर लगेच सहाय्यकारी क्रियापद येते: `By whom + are + Subject + V3?`
2.
Phrasal verb मधील Preposition (look after मधील after) कधीही गाळू नये.
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English Explanation / स्पष्टीकरण:
Correct Answer: Option 3 (By whom are the visitors looked after ?)
Grammatical Analysis & Transformation Rules:
Given Active Voice sentence: *"Who looks after the visitors ?"* (Simple Present Tense, Interrogative).
Rules for Transforming Wh- Questions with Prepositional Verbs:
1.
The interrogative pronoun 'Who' converts to the prepositional agent 'By whom'.
2.
Tense: Simple Present (`looks after`). Passive auxiliary is am / is / are + V3.
3.
Active Object: `the visitors` (Plural noun phrase), requiring plural auxiliary 'are'.
4.
Preposition Retention: In the phrasal verb *look after*, the preposition *after* must remain attached to the verb (*looked after*).
5.
Interrogative Inversion Rule:
`By whom + are (auxiliary) + the visitors (subject) + looked after (V3 + preposition)?`
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Result: "By whom are the visitors looked after ?" (Option 3).
6.
Breakdown of errors in other options:
•
Option 1 replaces *Who* with *How*.
•
Option 2 omits governing preposition *By*.
•
Option 4 fails interrogative inversion (*the visitors is*) and has subject-verb discord.
Formula for 'Who' questions in Simple Present:
`By whom + are/is + new subject + V3 + preposition?`
Never drop the trailing particle in phrasal verbs (*looked after*).
