योग्य उत्तर: पर्याय १ (He likes to be praised by people.)
व्याकरण विश्लेषण व नियम:
दिलेले वाक्य: *"He likes people to praise him."* (Active Voice).
'like / want + Object + to-infinitive' या रचनेचे Passive रूपांतर:
1.
इंग्रजीत जेव्हा like, love, want, wish यांसारख्या इच्छादर्शक क्रियापदानंतर `Object + to-infinitive` अशी रचना येते, तेव्हा मुख्य क्रियापद (likes) Active स्वरूपातच राहते, आणि त्यापुढील Infinitive चे रूपांतर Passive Infinitive मध्ये केले जाते.
2.
प्रमाणित रचना (Template):
•
Active: `Subject + like/want + Object + to + V1`
•
Passive: `Subject + like/want + to be + Past Participle (V3) (+ by + Agent)`
3.
वाक्यातील घटक:
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कर्ता: 'He'
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मुख्य क्रियापद: 'likes'
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Infinitive: 'to praise' $\rightarrow$ Passive Infinitive: 'to be praised'
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Agent: 'by people'
4.
सूत्रात मांडणी:
`He + likes + to be praised + by people.`
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अचूक Passive वाक्य: "He likes to be praised by people." (पर्याय १)
5.
इतर पर्याय:
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पर्याय २: 'People liked him to praise' (अर्थ आणि काळ बदलला आहे).
•
पर्याय ३: 'He is liked by people to praise' (मुख्य क्रियापद पैसिव्ह करून अर्थाचा अनर्थ केला आहे).
•
पर्याय ४: 'People are praised by him' (उलटा अर्थ).
*like, want, wish* या क्रियापदांचे Passive रूपांतर करताना मुख्य क्रियापद न बदलता त्याच्यानंतर येणाऱ्या Infinitive चे `to be + V3` (Passive Infinitive) करावे लागते:
•
*He wants someone to take photos* $\rightarrow$ *He wants photos to be taken.*
•
*He likes people to praise him* $\rightarrow$ *He likes to be praised.*
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English Explanation / स्पष्टीकरण:
Correct Answer: Option 1 (He likes to be praised by people.)
Grammatical Analysis & Transformation Rules:
Given Active Voice sentence: *"He likes people to praise him."*
Passive Transformation of Verbs of Volition / Liking with Infinitive Complements:
1.
With verbs of wishing, wanting, or liking (e.g., *like, want, wish, desire*) followed by an object and an infinitive (`to + V1`), the main finite verb (*likes*) is NOT passivized. Instead, the dependent infinitive clause is transformed into a Passive Infinitive (`to be + V3`).
2.
Structural Formula:
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Active: `Subject + like/want + Object + to-infinitive + Pronoun/Noun`
•
Passive: `Subject + like/want + to be + V3 (+ by Agent)`
3.
Applying the formula:
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Subject: `He`
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Finite verb: `likes`
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Passive infinitive: `to be praised`
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Agent: `by people`
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Sentence: "He likes to be praised by people." (Option 1).
4.
Analysis of distractors:
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Option 2 (*People liked him...*): Changes tense to past and alters meaning completely.
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Option 3 (*He is liked by people to praise*): Passivizes the main verb incorrectly.
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Option 4 (*People are praised by him*): Inverts the thematic roles entirely.
Pattern to remember:
*Subject + like/want + to be + V3*
Example: *I want someone to help me* $\rightarrow$ *I want to be helped.*
