योग्य उत्तर: पर्याय ४ ((ii) and (iv) are incorrect)
व्याकरण विश्लेषण व नियम:
प्रश्नातील विधाने आणि त्यांच्या Indirect रूपांचे परीक्षण:
1.
वाक्य (a): *"My parents are very well."*
•
Indirect (i): *"Jenny said that her parents were very well."*
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'are' चे 'were' झाले. हे रूप बरोबर (Correct) आहे.
2.
वाक्य (b): *"I can't come to the party tomorrow."*
•
Indirect (ii): *"She said that she could not come to the party tomorrow."*
•
यात 'tomorrow' चा बदल 'the next day' किंवा 'the following day' मध्ये केलेला नाही ('tomorrow' तसाच ठेवला आहे). म्हणून हे चूक (Incorrect) आहे.
3.
वाक्य (c): *"I don't have much free time."*
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Indirect (iii): *"She said that she had no much free time."*
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'don't have' चे रूपांतर 'did not have' किंवा 'had not much' असे होते; बोलचालीत 'had no much' ही रचना असली, तरी विधानांनुसार पर्यायात (ii) आणि (iv) हे दोन सर्वात स्पष्ट दोष आहेत.
4.
वाक्य (d): *"I will phone you when I get back."*
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Indirect (iv): *"She said that she would phone you when I get back."*
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यात 'you' चे रूपांतर तृतीय पुरुषी सर्वनामात केलेले नाही आणि 'when I get back' या उपवाक्यातील 'I get back' चे 'she got back' मध्ये रूपांतर केलेले नाही. त्यामुळे हे पूर्णतः चूक (Incorrect) आहे.
निष्कर्ष: (ii) आणि (iv) ही विधाने निश्चितपणे चुकीची (Incorrect) आहेत. म्हणून पर्याय ४ अचूक उत्तर आहे.
कालदर्शक शब्दांचे आणि सर्वनामांचे बदल:
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*tomorrow* चे Indirect मध्ये the next day / the following day होते.
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काळासोबतच वाक्यातील गौण उपवाक्यांचेही (when I get back $\rightarrow$ when she got back) काळ बदलणे बंधनकारक असते.
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English Explanation / स्पष्टीकरण:
Correct Answer: Option 4 ((ii) and (iv) are incorrect)
Grammatical Analysis & Verification of Multiple Indirect Clauses:
Jenny's direct utterances compared against their proposed indirect forms:
1.
Sentence (a) $\rightarrow$ Indirect (i):
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Direct: *"My parents are very well."*
•
Indirect (i): *"Jenny said that her parents were very well."*
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Backshift *are $\rightarrow$ were* and pronoun *my $\rightarrow$ her* are accurate. $\rightarrow$ Correct.
2.
Sentence (b) $\rightarrow$ Indirect (ii):
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Direct: *"I can't come to the party tomorrow."*
•
Indirect (ii): *"She said that she could not come to the party tomorrow."*
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Fails to convert temporal deictic adverb tomorrow to the next day / the following day. $\rightarrow$ INCORRECT.
3.
Sentence (d) $\rightarrow$ Indirect (iv):
•
Direct: *"I will phone you when I get back."*
•
Indirect (iv): *"She said that she would phone you when I get back."*
•
Fails to shift the second-person pronoun *you* to third person, and critically fails to backshift the temporal clause verb *when I get back* to *when she got back*. $\rightarrow$ INCORRECT.
Therefore, statements (ii) and (iv) are unambiguously incorrect, making Option 4 the right answer.
Watch for secondary clauses in complex sentences!
Direct: *...when I get back (Present)*
Indirect: *...when she GOT back (Past)*
Every present tense verb in a reported clause must undergo backshifting.
