Correct Answer: Option 1 (a - II, b - IV, c - I, d - III)
Detailed Explanation:
Following the suspension of the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1922, Congress divided into 'Swarajists' (Pro-Changers) and 'No-Changers':
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a. C. Rajagopalachari $\rightarrow$ II. Constructive work:
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As a staunch 'No-Changer' committed to Gandhian constructive program, Rajaji opposed council entry and immersed himself in khadi propagation, anti-untouchability, and upliftment of Harijans in Tamil Nadu.
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b. Madan Mohan Malaviya and Lala Lajpat Rai $\rightarrow$ IV. Criticized the Swarajists:
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They broke ranks with Motilal Nehru's obstructionist Swarajist faction, criticized their secular-obstructionist stance, and formed the Independent/Nationalist Party advocating 'Responsive Cooperation'.
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c. Vithalbhai Patel $\rightarrow$ I. President of Central Legislative Assembly:
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In August 1925, senior Swarajist leader Vithalbhai Patel made history by being elected the first Indian President (Speaker) of the Central Legislative Assembly.
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d. C. R. Das $\rightarrow$ III. Mayor of Calcutta:
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Deshbandhu Chittaranjan Das was elected the first Mayor of Calcutta Corporation in 1924 under the new municipal act, appointing Subhas Chandra Bose as Chief Executive Officer.
Correct matching: a - II, b - IV, c - I, d - III (Option 1).
Key Facts on the Swaraj Party:
1.
Founded on 1 January 1923 by C. R. Das (President) and Motilal Nehru (Secretary).
2.
Major legislative milestone: Election of Vithalbhai Patel as Assembly Speaker in August 1925.
