The correct answer is Option 4 (Imperious and Peremptory).
### Detailed Analysis:
1.
Contextual Clues in the Sentence:
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The sentence states that senior faculty members were accustomed to a "collegial and egalitarian" manner (meaning cooperative, respectful, and treating peers as equals).
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They felt "alienated" by the tone of the new department chair.
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Therefore, the missing word must represent the antithesis of collegiality—namely, an authoritarian, domineering, or imperious posture.
2.
Evaluation of Options:
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Option 1: Sanguine and Propitious: Both mean optimistic or favorable. A positive tone would not alienate faculty members.
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Option 2: Saturnine and Ignominious: *Saturnine* means gloomy or morose; *Ignominious* means humiliating or disgraceful. Neither captures an authoritarian attitude towards colleagues.
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Option 3: Peremptory and Ignominious: While *Peremptory* fits, *Ignominious* does not fit the context.
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Option 4: Imperious and Peremptory:
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Imperious: Assuming power or authority without justification; domineering, dictatorial.
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Peremptory: Insisting on immediate attention or unquestioning obedience; briskly commanding.
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Inserting either word yields two sentences with identical, contextually precise connotations.
In CSAT Sentence Equivalence questions, identify semantic antonyms or structural pivots. Here, the contrast between "collegial/egalitarian" and the alienating tone directly requires synonymous words denoting overbearing authority.
