The correct answer is Edward Jenner.
📌 Key Points
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A vaccine stimulates a person's immune system to produce immunity to a specific disease, protecting the person from that disease.
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Vaccines are introduced to build passively acquired immunity against various diseases.
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Vaccines are usually administered through needle injections, but can also be administered by mouth or sprayed into the nose.
Small Pox vaccine:
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The history of smallpox holds a unique place in medicine.
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It was one of the deadliest diseases known to humans.
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To date, it is the only human disease to have been eradicated by vaccination.
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The smallpox vaccine, introduced by Edward Jenner in 1796, was the first successful vaccine to be developed.
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He observed that milkmaids who previously had caught cowpox did not catch smallpox.
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Small Pox is caused due to Variola Virus.
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This is a viral disease that transmits from one person to another person.
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It affects the skin and the whole body.
Thus, Edward Jenner discovered the vaccine for the prevention of smallpox.
💡 Additional Information
Louis Pasteur:
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Louis Pasteur developed the earliest effective vaccine against rabies that was first used to treat a human bite victim on 6 July 1885.
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Rabies was a dreaded and horrible disease that had fascinated popular imagination for centuries because of its mysterious origin and the fear it generated.
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Pasteur produced the vaccine by attenuating the virus in rabbits and subsequently harvesting it from their spinal cords.
Alexander Flaming:
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Alexander Fleming is associated with the discovery of Penicillin.
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It helps to stop the growth of bacteria.
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He discovered Penicillin in the year 1928.
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Penicillin prevents heart infections with certain heart diseases that may have surgery.
Selman Waksman:
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Selman Waksman, Albert Schatz, and Elizabeth Bugie, three American biochemists, discovered streptomycin in 1943.
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Streptomycin is an antimycobacterial drug that is used in the treatment of tuberculosis.
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It is derived from the Gram-positive bacteria Streptomyces griseus.
Edward Jenner formulated the first successful vaccine in history against Smallpox in 1796 using cowpox pustule matter, earning him the title 'Father of Immunology'.