स्पष्टीकरण:
योग्य उत्तर पर्याय १ (कलम 164) आहे.
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मंत्रिमंडळाची सामूहिक जबाबदारी (Collective Responsibility):
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भारतीय राज्यघटनेच्या कलम १६४(२) मध्ये स्पष्ट तरतूद आहे:
*"मंत्रिपरिषद राज्याच्या विधानसभेला सामूहिकरीत्या जबाबदार असेल (The Council of Ministers shall be collectively responsible to the Legislative Assembly of the State)."*
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सामूहिक जबाबदारीचा अर्थ:
१.
सर्व मंत्री विधानसभेच्या विश्वासावर पदावर राहतात.
२.
विधानसभेने मंत्रिमंडळाविरुद्ध 'अविश्वास ठराव' (No-confidence Motion) मंजूर केल्यास संपूर्ण मंत्रिमंडळाला (मुख्यमंत्र्यांसह) राजीनामा द्यावा लागतो.
३.
मंत्रिमंडळाच्या बैठकीत घेतलेला कोणताही निर्णय सर्व मंत्र्यांवर बंधनकारक असतो ("We swim together and sink together").
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केंद्रात सामूहिक जबाबदारी: कलम ७५(३) (लोकसभेला).
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राज्यात सामूहिक जबाबदारी: कलम १६४(२) (विधानसभेला). लक्षात ठेवा, जबाबदारी केवळ 'विधानसभेला' असते, विधानपरिषदेला नव्हे!
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English Explanation / स्पष्टीकरण:
Explanation:
The correct answer is Option 1 (Article 164).
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Principle of Collective Responsibility in States:
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Article 164(2) of the Constitution explicitly states:
*"The Council of Ministers shall be collectively responsible to the Legislative Assembly of the State."*
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Key Implications of Collective Responsibility:
1.
The Ministry remains in office only as long as it enjoys the confidence of the popularly elected Legislative Assembly.
2.
If a No-Confidence Motion is passed by the Legislative Assembly, the entire Council of Ministers (including the Chief Minister) must resign.
3.
Cabinet decisions are jointly owned by all ministers; a minister who disagrees with a Cabinet decision must either support it publicly or resign ("sink or swim together").
Always note the legislative body: State Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to the Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha) alone, not the entire State Legislature or Legislative Council (Vidhan Parishad). At the Union level, it corresponds to Article 75(3) (Lok Sabha).