Which of the following sentences are grammatically correct ? a. The judge ordered that the accused be sent for a medical examination. b. Had I vour intelligence, I would have gone abroad. c. Talk. d. If he was innocent, he would not have run away.
अचूक उत्तर: पर्याय (3) Only a, b and c
दिलेल्या चारही वाक्यांचे व्याकरणदृष्ट्या विश्लेषण:
1.
विधान a: "The judge ordered that the accused be sent for a medical examination."
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बरोबर: 'Order' नंतर that-clause मध्ये Mandative Subjunctive (base form 'be sent') चा वापर अचूक आहे.
2.
विधान b: "Had I your intelligence, I would have gone abroad."
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बरोबर: हे संकेतार्थी वाक्यातील Inversion चे अचूक उदाहरण आहे (अर्थ: If I had had your intelligence...).
3.
विधान c: "Talk."
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बरोबर: आज्ञार्थी वाक्य (Imperative sentence) केवळ एका क्रियापदाने तयार होऊ शकते (येथे कर्ता 'you' अध्याहृत असतो).
4.
विधान d: "If he was innocent, he would not have run away."
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चूक: मुख्य वाक्यात 'would not have + V3' असल्याने Type 3 Conditional नुसार If-clause मध्ये 'had been' असायला हवे ('was' नाही).
त्यामुळे केवळ a, b आणि c ही विधाने बरोबर आहेत.
MPSC परीक्षा टीप
परीक्षेसाठी महत्त्वपूर्ण संकल्पना व शॉर्टकट
📌 MPSC परीक्षा टीप:
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Mandative Subjunctive: order, demand, insist नंतर क्रियापदाचे मूळ रूप (उदा. be sent) वापरतात.
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केवळ एक शब्द असलेले अकर्मक क्रियापद हे पूर्ण आज्ञार्थी वाक्य असू शकते (उदा. Talk., Run., Stop.).
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English Explanation / स्पष्टीकरण:
Correct Answer: Option (3) Only a, b and c
Grammatical analysis of the four sentences:
1.
Sentence a: "The judge ordered that the accused be sent for a medical examination."
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Correct: Correct mandative subjunctive using the base verb form 'be sent' following 'ordered'.
2.
Sentence b: "Had I your intelligence, I would have gone abroad."
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Correct: Grammatically valid inverted conditional construction.
3.
Sentence c: "Talk."
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Correct: A single verb in the imperative mood forms a complete, valid grammatical sentence with the implied subject '(You)'.
4.
Sentence d: "If he was innocent, he would not have run away."
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Incorrect: Type 3 conditional requires past perfect 'had been' in the if-clause to match 'would not have run away', not 'was'.
Thus, only sentences a, b, and c are correct.
MPSC EXAM TIP
High-Yield Exam Strategy Tip
📌 MPSC Exam Tip: Imperative verbs: Single-word verbs like *Talk.*, *Halt.*, *Wait.* constitute complete grammatical imperative sentences.